APA STYLE BOOKS:
APA style guide to electronic references -- Ebook available through http://www.library.eku.edu/
Publication manual of the American Psychological Association – Print edition available at reference desk.
WEB SITES:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ -- Excellent web site. It tells you exactly what to do with formatting your paper, in text citations, and reference list. It also has examples
http://apastyle.apa.org/ -- APA website covering the APA style.
http://www.citationmachine.net/
APA STYLE
INSTRUCTIONS FOR OFF CAMPUS ACCESS TO DATABASES
You must login to access our databases from off-campus.
Use your EKU email account username and password.
For example, if you name is Jane Smith, your username will usually look like "jane_smith" (student), or "smithj" (faculty/staff).
For assistance with email accounts, students should visit http://www.studentdocs.eku.edu/email/email.php, and faculty/staff should try http://www.itds.eku.edu/facstaff/email.htm.
You may also call the ITDS office at 859.622.3000.
Please note, the EKU email username/password is not the same as the EKU Direct username/password (used to view class schedules,etc.).
NEED HELP--MAKE AN APPOINTMENT
Need help, you can make a research appointment with me.
Please email me at linda.sizemore@eku.edu
I recommend contacting me through email rather than phone.
Thanks
APA STYLE
BOOKS:
APA style guide to electronic references -- Ebook available through http://www.library.eku.edu/
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu/
Click on FIND BOOKS
Type in APA style guide to electronic references
Click on Title
Click on Search
Publication manual of the American Psychological Association –
Print edition available at reference desk.
WEB SITES:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ -- Excellent web site. It tells you exactly what to do with formatting your paper, in text citations, and reference list. It also has examples
http://apastyle.apa.org/ -- APA website covering the APA style.
http://www.citationmachine.net/
WRITING POLICY ANALYSIS
Outline for writing policy analysis:
Abstract
Introduction
Importance of specific topic
Definition of key terms
Key stakeholders
Key policy areas needing analysis and resolution
Overview of current knowledge
Evaluative review of the literature about the topic, including print and electronic sources
Existing policy related to the topic
The most important legislative, judicial, and regulatory policy instruments
Ambiguities, conflicts, problems, and contradictions related to the instruments
Key issues
Underlying assumptions
Effects on and roles of key stakeholders
Conflicts among key values
Implications of issues
Conclusions and recommendations
Recommendations
Rationale for recommendations
Implications and possible outcomes of specific courses of action
References
APA style
All sources cited in the paper.
http://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i382l5pd/su2003/suggestions.html
Example of policy analysis report
http://www.transportationfortomorrow.org/final_report/ --
Transportation for Tomorrow: Report of the National Surface Transportation Policy and Revenue Study Commission, prepared by a specially convened Commission,
The Report includes detailed recommendations for creating and sustaining a pre-eminent surface transportation system in the United States. The Commission is grateful to all of the individuals and organizations who shared their views and experiences in writing and at hearings and public meetings across the nation.
OP-ED PIECE
Example:
No change in political climate
By Ellen Goodman February 9, 2007
On the day that the latest report on global warming was released, I went out and bought a light bulb. OK, an environmentally friendly, compact fluorescent light bulb.
No, I do not think that if everyone lit just one little compact fluorescent light bulb, what a bright world this would be. Even the Prius in our driveway doesn't do a whole lot to reduce my carbon footprint, which is roughly the size of the Yeti lurking in the (melting) Himalayas.
But it was either buying a light bulb or pulling the covers over my head. And it was too early in the day to reach for that kind of comforter.
By every measure, the U N 's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change raises the level of alarm. The fact of global warming is "unequivocal." The certainty of the human role is now somewhere over 90 percent. Which is about as certain as scientists ever get.
I would like to say we're at a point where global warming is impossible to deny. Let's just say that global warming deniers are now on a par with Holocaust deniers, though one denies the past and the other denies the present and future.
But light bulbs aside -- I now have three and counting -- I don't expect that this report will set off some vast political uprising. The sorry fact is that the rising world thermometer hasn't translated into political climate change in America.
The folks at the Pew Research Center clocking public attitudes show that global warming remains 20th on the annual list of 23 policy priorities. Below terrorism, of course, but also below tax cuts, crime, morality, and illegal immigration.
One reason is that while poles are melting and polar bears are swimming between ice floes, American politics has remained polarized. There are astonishing gaps between Republican science and Democratic science. Try these numbers: Only 23 percent of college-educated Republicans believe the warming is due to humans, while 75 percent of college-educated Democrats believe it.
This great divide comes from the science-be-damned-and-debunked attitude of the Bush administration and its favorite media outlets. The day of the report, Big Oil Senator James Inhofe of Oklahoma actually described it as "a shining example of the corruption of science for political gain." Speaking of corruption of science, the American Enterprise Institute, which has gotten $1.6 million over the years from Exxon Mobil, offered $10,000 last summer to scientists who would counter the IPCC report.
But there are psychological as well as political reasons why global warming remains in the cool basement of priorities. It may be, paradoxically, that framing this issue in catastrophic terms ends up paralyzing instead of motivating us. Remember the Time magazine cover story: "Be Worried. Be Very Worried." The essential environmental narrative is a hair-raising consciousness-raising: This is your Earth. This is your Earth on carbon emissions.
This works for some. But a lot of social science research tells us something else. As Ross Gelbspan, author of "The Heat is On," says, "when people are confronted with an overwhelming threat and don't see a solution, it makes them feel impotent. So they shrug it off or go into deliberate denial."
Michael Shellenberger, co author of "The Death of Environmentalism," adds, "The dominant narrative of global warming has been that we're responsible and have to make changes or we're all going to die. It's tailor-made to ensure inaction."
So how many scientists does it take to change a light bulb?
American University's Matthew Nisbet is among those who see the importance of expanding the story beyond scientists. He is charting the reframing of climate change into a moral and religious issue -- see the greening of the evangelicals -- and into a corruption-of-science issue -- see big oil -- and an economic issue -- see the newer, greener technologies .
In addition, maybe we can turn denial into planning. "If the weatherman says there's a 75 percent chance of rain, you take your umbrella," Shellenberger tells groups. Even people who clutched denial as their last, best hope can prepare, he says, for the next Katrina. Global warming preparation is both his antidote for helplessness and goad to collective action.
The report is grim stuff. Whatever we do today, we face long-range global problems with a short-term local attention span. We're no happier looking at this global thermostat than we are looking at the nuclear doomsday clock.
Can we change from debating global warming to preparing? Can we define the issue in ways that turn denial into action? In America what matters now isn't environmental science, but political science.
We are still waiting for the time when an election hinges on a candidate's plans for a changing climate. That's when the light bulb goes on.
http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2007/02/09/no_change_in_political_climate?mode=PF
Ellen Goodman's e-mail address is goodman@globe.com.
© Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company
CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING WEBSITES
The World Wide Web contains both high quality and poor quality information. You must carefully choose the information you use.
Review the following criteria and answer the questions based on the web site you are evaluating. A high quality web site with quality information will enable you to answer MOST of the questions with a "YES". Evaluating Websites Checklist
Authority
Web site says who created the content, defines the individual or group's credentials/expertise and provides contact information
Do you know who published the web site?
Is the author's name easily visible?
What are the author's credentials and are they appropriate for the information provided?
Can you find contact information?
Is the web site produced by a reputable organization?
Objectivity
Content is balanced, presenting all sides of an issue and multiple points-of-view
Are various points-of-view presented?
Is the site free of bias towards one point-of-view?
Is the objectivity of the web site consistent with its purpose?
Is the site free of advertising?
Accuracy
Content is grammatically correct, verifiable and cited when necessary.
Is the content grammatically correct?
Is the information accurate and verifiable? Are sources and references cited?
Does the tone and style imply accuracy?
Scope
Content is relevant to your topic or research.
Does the purpose of the site (e.g. research, statistical, organizational) meet your needs?
Who is the intended audience?
Will information directed to this audience meet your needs?
Is the information relevant to your research topic?
Currency
Information is current and updated frequently.
Do you know when the information was originally posted and is the date acceptable?
Do you know when the page was last updated and is the date acceptable?
Are links current and reliable?
Do charts and graphs have dates?
Design and Presentation
Web site's design and presentation are professional, logical and provide multiple ways to access or view information.
Is the information presented in a logical manner?
Is the site easy to navigate?
Do the graphics serve a purpose? I
f the web site is extensive, does it offer search capability?
Does the web site have a text-only option?
FEATURES OF A PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE
SCHOLARLY JOURNALS Scholarly journals contain peer reviewed articles, have certain characteristics and adhere to high standards in publishing.
Authors are scholars, professors, or professionals in the field.
Content refers to or demonstrates original research in a specialized field and is written for an audience of scholars, experts and researchers.
Most articles are peer reviewed or refereed by scholars in the field. Referees are frequently not employed directly by the journal.
Articles cite their sources and include footnotes and/or a bibliography.
Few or no advertisements appear in the journal.
Graphics are rare, and journals are largely text only.
Issues usually appear less frequently, such as bi-annually, quarterly or monthly.
Scholarly journals are indexed in specialized databases, such as Social Work Abstracts, Sociological Collection, Academic Search Premier, and JStor.
WHERE TO FIND EVIDENCE SOURCES
Books --
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu/
Click on FIND BOOKS
Click on Guided Keyword search
Newspaper articles -- New York Times and Lexington Herald Leader
http://www.kentucky.com/179/story/285710.html
Journal articles -- Recommended Databases
Academic Search Premier
Business Source Premier
Sociological Collection
JStor
Find these databases
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu/
Click on FIND ARTICLES
Click on Databases by Title
Magazine articles
Academic Search Premier
Internet
http://www.brookings.edu/ -- Policy analysis reports
www.c-span.org/resources/policy.asp
http://www.cato.org/ -- Policy analysis reports
http://www.gao.gov/ -- Government Accountability Office
http://www.hoover.org -- Hoover Instutition--Stanford University
http://www.ncpa.org/ -- National Center for Policy Analysis
http://www.kltprc.org/ -- Kentucky Long Term Policy Research Center
http://pewresearch.org/ -- Pew Research Center
Search Strategies for the Internet
Go to http://www.google.com/
Click on Advanced Search
SAMPLE SEARCH
health as all of these words
policy analysis as exact phrase
limit to domain org
SAMPLE SEARCH
environmental as all of these words
policy analysis as exact phrase
limit to domain gov
WHERE TO FIND RAW DATA SOURCES
***Note*** For information on federal laws try using eQuest to find government documents both in print and online.
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu/
Click on FIND BOOKS
Type in Clean Air Act
Click on Title
Click on Search
Bills
Federal:
http://www.congress.org/
http://www.govtrack.us/
http://thomas.loc.gov/ -- The official web site of the U.S. Congress
Kentucky:
http://www.lrc.ky.gov/ -- The official web site of the Kentucky legislature.
Laws
Federal:
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/
http://thomas.loc.gov/
Print edition--United States Code Congressional and Adminstrative News--Law Library--Text of law before it is entered into the United States Code. The best place to find the text of older laws.
Print edition -- United State Code Service or U.S. Code Annotated--Law Library
Kentucky:
http://www.lrc.ky.gov/statrev/frontpg.htm
Print edition -- Kentucky Revised Statutes -- Government Documents Dept. and Law Library
Regulations
Federal:
http://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/
Print edition-- Code of Federal Regulations -- Government Documents Dept. and Law Library
Kentucky:
http://www.lrc.ky.gov/kar/frntpage.htm
Print edition --Kentucky Adminstrative Regulations --Government Documents Dept.
SOURCES FOR RAW DATA
Bills--All proposed legislation, and nearly all formal actions by either of the two houses, take the form of a bill or resolution.
A bill is a legislative proposal of a general nature.
A bill may propose either a public or private matter.
The form of a law before it is passed by Congress and signed by the President.
Identified by H.R. or S. -- House or Senate resolution.
H.R. 1 -- The house resolution number for Clean Air Act of 1966
**Note**There are other acronuoms, but these are the two most used.
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/enactment/enactlaw.pdf
Laws--Legislation that has been approved by Congress and signed by the President.
Once a bill becomes a law it is assigned a public law number, P.L. 89-272
107=Number of the Congress, 89th Congress, 1965-1966
Once a law is give a public law number it is codified into the compilation of current U.S. laws known as the United States Code.
42 U.S.C 7521=The U.S. Code section where you will find the current text of the Clean Air Act.
Regulations--A rule or order, having a legal force, issued by an administrative agency or a local government.
Black's Law Dictionary
Sometimes a law has rules, regulations, attached to its enforcement. These are found in the Code of Federal Regulations.
23 CFR 633.21=Regulation relating to highways and the administration of the Clean Air Act.
WHY USE NEWSBANK?
Not all articles are available through nytimes.com. They want you to subscribe.
EKU Libraries has already purchased a subscription through NewsBank.
Newsbank offers a "Special Report" section.
Newspaper and magazine articles pertaining to current events topics
Offers the ability to search and retrieve full text U.S. and international newspaper articles.
Go to www.library.eku.edu
Click on Newsbank
Click on United States under "Access world news" heading
ACCESS KENTUCKY AND OTHER U.S. NEWSPAPERS
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu
Click on FIND ARTICLES
Click on Newsbank
Click on United States under the Access World News heading
Click on the state of your choice
Lexington Herald Leader@www.kentucky.com
This will retrieve the most current issue of the Herald Leader
Go to http://www.kentucky.com
You can search the archives of the Herald Leader, but you can't retrieve the full text of the article without cost.
Lexington Herald Leader@www.library.eku.edu
The current issue of the Herald Leader is no available through the "Electronic Image Edition" offered in NewsBank
You can still access back issues of the electronic image.
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu
Click on Find Articles
Click on Newsbank
Click on Search, Preferences, Back Issues under the "Electronic Image Edition" heading.
Click on Back Issues
NEW YORK TIMES@www.nytimes.com
Retrieve the most current issue
Go to http://www.nytimes.com/
Retrieve back issues
Go to http://www.nytimes.com/
Type in search statement in the search box provided.
You can choose from NYT Archive since 1981 or NYT Archive 1851-1980
***NOTE***
Not all articles are available through www.nytimes.com
NEW YORK TIMES@www.library.eku.edu
Retrieve the most current issue of the New York Times
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu
Click on FIND ARTICLES
Click on Newsbank
Click on New York Times under the heading "Electronic Images Edition"
Retrieve back issues of the New York Times
Go to http://www.library.eku.edu
Click on FIND ARTICLES
Click on Newsbank
Click on New York Times under the heading "Electronic Images Edition
Click on "Back Issues"
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